Cov txheej txheem siv los tsim cov hlau oxide pigments yog txhua txoj kev "qhuav". Natural pigment processing cov kauj ruam yog feem ntau txhawj xeeb txog kev tsim cov khoom siv lub cev uas xav tau hauv cov khib nyiab qhuav, tsis muaj kev koom tes ntawm cov tshuaj daws teeb meem. Lo lus "qhuav" yog siv rau hauv cov ntsiab lus no kom suav nrog calcination, uas yog siv los tsim cov oxides los ntawm cov tshuaj qhuav.
Feem ntau ntawm cov hluavtaws oxides, txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm kev siv tshuaj lom neeg kev daws teeb meem, tshem tawm, lossis slurries; Yog li, lo lus "ntub txheej txheem" tuaj yeem xa mus rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas tsim tawm hauv qhov no. Thaum xav txog hluavtaws oxides, nco ntsoov tias lawv cov xim yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov oxide tsim, tsis hais txog ntawm cov txheej txheem lossis cov kauj ruam uas siv: Hematite, lossis ferric oxide, yog xim liab; goethite, los yog hydrated ferric oxide, yog daj; thiab magnetite, Fe3O4, yog dub.





